Lasers for gamete micromanipulation: Basic concepts

Gamete activation: basic knowledge and clinical applications

BACKGROUND The first clues to the process of gamete activation date back to nearly 60 years ago. The mutual activation of gametes is a crucial event during fertilization. In the testis and ovaries, spermatozoa and oocytes are in a state of meiotic and metabolic quiescence and require reciprocal signals in order to undergo functional changes that lead to competence for fertilization. First, the ...

Basic Concepts

Motivation Most problems in nature have several (possibly conflicting) objectives to be satisfied. Many of these problems are frequently treated as single-objective optimization problems by transforming all but one objective into constraints. What is a multiobjective optimization problem? The Multiobjective Optimization Problem (MOP) (also called multicriteria optimization, multiperformance or ...

Complex concepts into basic concepts

Complex Concepts into Basic Concepts Rick Szostak University of Alberta Tory Building, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2H4, Canada [email protected] 780-492-7645; FAX 780-492-3300 ABSTRACT Interdisciplinary communication, and thus the rate of progress in scholarly understanding, would be greatly enhanced if scholars had access to a universal classification of documents or ideas not grounded in particu...

Mechanism Design: Basic Concepts

The setup is similar to that of a Bayesian game. The ingredients are: 1. denote a typical type of player i. (q (m) , t (m)). All of these are to be chosen by the mechanism designer. We call the pair Γ = (M, φ) a mechanism. We will consider dominant strategy equilibria in these Bayesian games as well as Bayesian Nash equilibria. Whichever solution concept we adopt, we call φ (m) = (q (m) , t (m)...

Basic Theoretical Concepts